{"id":11981,"date":"2025-03-27T15:18:34","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T15:18:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=11981"},"modified":"2025-03-27T15:20:11","modified_gmt":"2025-03-27T15:20:11","slug":"smutny-cla-usa-uz-jen-dorazi-evropske-automobilky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=11981","title":{"rendered":"Smutn\u00fd: cla USA u\u017e jen doraz\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 automobilky"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ozn\u00e1men\u00ed prezidenta USA Donalda Trumpa z 26. b\u0159ezna, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty americk\u00e9 zavedou od 2. dubna 25% cla na dov\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 automobily, je zhmotn\u011bn\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry, kter\u00e1 v nejhor\u0161\u00edch snech nav\u0161t\u011bvuje mana\u017eery nejen evropsk\u00fdch automobilek, ale tak\u00e9 politik\u016f zem\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie, p\u00ed\u0161e koment\u00e1tor Milan Smutn\u00fd.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Dlouh\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed pova\u017eovala Evropa za norm\u00e1ln\u00ed, \u017ee jej\u00ed export aut do USA byl zat\u00ed\u017een clem jen 2,5 %, kde\u017eto dovoz americk\u00fdch aut na Star\u00fd kontinent 10 procenty. Cit\u00e1t z\u00a0proslul\u00fdch Hv\u011bzdn\u00fdch v\u00e1lek: \u201eThe Empire strikes back\u201c (Imp\u00e9rium vrac\u00ed \u00fader), padne na tuto situaci jako vy\u0161it\u00fd.\u00a0\u00a0Jenom\u017ee to\u00a0nen\u00ed filmov\u00e1 sci-fi.<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Prezident Trump nem\u00edn\u00ed jen \u201esrovnat\u201c krok a t\u0159eba uvalit na dovoz 10% clo, co\u017e by i tak p\u0159ipravilo evropsk\u00e9 export\u00e9ry automobil\u016f o ziskovou mar\u017ei, ale chce spo\u010d\u00edtat deficit obchodn\u00ed bilance i zp\u011btn\u011b. Jde o obrovsk\u00fd bal\u00edk. USA jen loni dovezly ze sv\u011bta osobn\u00ed automobily v hodnot\u011b 220 miliard dolar\u016f (4,6 bilionu korun) a za je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce dal\u0161\u00ed automotive v\u00fdrobky.<\/p>\n

\u010cesko bude americk\u00fdmi cly tak\u00e9 siln\u011b potrefeno, proto\u017ee polovinu tuzemsk\u00e9ho automobilov\u00e9ho byznysu \u010din\u00ed v\u00fdvoz komponent\u016f z\u00e1padoevropsk\u00fdm automobilk\u00e1m v\u0161ech proslul\u00fdch zna\u010dek, zejm\u00e9na n\u011bmeck\u00fdch, kter\u00e9 si te\u010f budou l\u00e1mat hlavy, jak se vyrovnat s likvida\u010dn\u00edmi cly na import sv\u00fdch hotov\u00fdch aut do USA. To se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b t\u00fdk\u00e1 tak\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017en\u00edch z\u00e1vod\u016f v Mexiku a Kanad\u011b, jejich\u017e produkce byla prvo\u0159ad\u011b sm\u011brov\u00e1na do USA. Nyn\u00ed se ukazuje, \u017ee rozhodnut\u00ed Audi p\u0159esunout v\u00fdrobu z nerentabiln\u00edho a zav\u0159en\u00e9ho z\u00e1vodu v Bruselu do Mexika je nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

To v\u0161e za situace, kdy se po coronavirov\u00e9 pandemii trh s auty v EU je\u0161t\u011b nevzpamatoval. Evropsk\u00e1 asociace v\u00fdrobc\u016f automobil\u016f (ACEA) uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee od roku 2019 klesl ro\u010dn\u00ed prodej nov\u00fdch aut v Evropsk\u00e9 unii z 15,1 milionu na 10,6 milionu kus\u016f. N\u011bmeck\u00fd export se sn\u00ed\u017eil na polovinu a nyn\u00ed dosahuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1,2 milionu voz\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Jde samoz\u0159ejm\u011b o\u00a0probl\u00e9m se\u00a0silnou konkurenc\u00ed z\u00a0\u010c\u00edny, kter\u00e1 se stala nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm sv\u011btov\u00fdm v\u00fdvozcem automobil\u016f, a\u00a0tak\u00e9 neochotu z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f nutit se do n\u00e1kupu elektromobil\u016f.\u00a0Jen Volkswagen ozn\u00e1mil za lo\u0148sk\u00fd rok pokles provozn\u00edho zisku o\u00a015\u00a0%\u00a0a\u00a0varoval, \u017ee v\u00a0leto\u0161n\u00edm roce rozhodn\u011b neo\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 r\u016fst.<\/p>\n

Leto\u0161ek nesignalizuje nic lep\u0161\u00edho. Za prvn\u00ed dva m\u011bs\u00edce se po\u010det registrac\u00ed (1 685 640 vozidel) meziro\u010dn\u011b v EU sn\u00ed\u017eil o 3 procenta. V It\u00e1lii se prodej propadl o 6 % a v N\u011bmecku o 4,6 procenta. Ve Francii byl ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed o 3,3 %, ve \u0160pan\u011blsku stoupl o 8,4 procenta. Pod\u00edl elektromobil\u016f na celkov\u00e9m prodeji v EU za dva m\u011bs\u00edce stoupl na 15,2 % z lo\u0148sk\u00fdch 11,5 procenta. Bilanci zachra\u0148uj\u00ed hybridn\u00ed modely s 35,2 % r\u016fstu. \u010cesko zaznamenalo minus 4,1 % v\u0161ech registrac\u00ed nov\u00fdch osobn\u00edch aut.<\/p>\n

Je opravdu trapn\u00e9 sledovat chvalozp\u011bvy n\u011bkter\u00fdch amat\u00e9rsk\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed bez jak\u00e9koli re\u00e1ln\u00e9 znalosti automobilov\u00e9ho byznysu, kter\u00e9 podl\u00e9haj\u00ed nekriticky p\u00ed\u00e1rov\u00e9 komunikaci tuzemsk\u00fdch automobilek, jak se\u00a0v\u00a0lednu a\u00a0\u00fanoru v\u00a0\u010cesku \u201erekordn\u011b prod\u00e1valy elektrick\u00e9 vozy, a\u00a0to i\u00a0bez dotac\u00ed\u201c. Pr\u00fd nejl\u00e9pe z\u00a0cel\u00e9 Evropsk\u00e9 unie. Podle t\u011bchto zpr\u00e1v na trhu v\u00a0lednu a\u00a0\u00fanoru p\u0159ibylo 1718 nov\u00fdch elektroaut (meziro\u010dn\u011b v\u00edce o\u00a088,6\u00a0%). A\u00a0nejprod\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00ed modely? \u0160koda Enyaq s\u00a0355 registracemi a\u00a0novinka \u0160koda Elroq (240 registrac\u00ed), na t\u0159et\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b u\u017e o\u00a0hodn\u011b n\u00ed\u017ee VW ID.7 s\u00a094 registracemi. Hur\u00e1, sl\u00e1va, po\u010det nov\u00fdch i\u00a0ojet\u00fdch elektrick\u00fdch aut se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed 40\u00a0tis\u00edc\u016fm.<\/p>\n

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A te\u010f se vra\u0165me na tvrdou zem. V\u00a0\u010cR je zaregistrov\u00e1no asi 6,5 milionu automobil\u016f, tak\u017ee pod\u00edl e-aut na tomto vozov\u00e9m parku je st\u00e1le sp\u00ed\u0161e podoben statistick\u00e9 chyb\u011b. D\u00e1le, \u0160koda Auto m\u00e1 2500 slu\u017eebn\u00edch voz\u016f, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b na registra\u010dn\u00edch zna\u010dk\u00e1ch, v\u00a0podstat\u011b v\u00a0kategorii \u201eprodan\u00e1 v\u00a0\u010cR\u201c. Jak autor \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00ed ze sv\u00fdch osobn\u00edch kontakt\u016f, nyn\u00ed p\u0159edstavenstvo na\u0159\u00eddilo v\u0161em sv\u00fdm mana\u017eer\u016fm v\u00a0kolonce \u201evedouc\u00ed pracovn\u00edk\u201c,\u00a0\u00a0\u017ee mus\u00ed m\u00edt p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed sv\u00e9 slu\u017eebn\u00ed auto pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 i\u00a0na soukrom\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely \u201ebez v\u00fdjimky\u201c elektrick\u00e9. Tedy sp\u00ed\u0161e jde o\u00a0drah\u00fd Enyaq, proto\u017ee levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Elroq zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1jem jako novinka a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na jako daleko levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sestra Enyaqu.<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n

Mana\u017eery \u0160kody Auto se slu\u017eebn\u00edm enyaqem pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm i\u00a0pro soukrom\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely tak\u00e9 \u010dek\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed dan\u00ed (m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b se da\u0148ov\u00fd z\u00e1klad zvy\u0161uje o\u00a01\/100 z\u00a0fin\u00e1ln\u00ed ceny vozu), tedy bratru o\u00a015\u00a0000 korun. Je jen na politice veden\u00ed automobilky, s\u00a0jak\u00fdm n\u00e1jezdem bude obm\u011bna parku slu\u017eebn\u00edch voz\u016f pokra\u010dovat, klidn\u011b i\u00a0t\u0159ikr\u00e1t do roka. V\u00a0\u010cesku se tak d\u00edky \u0160kod\u011b Auto zaregistruje jako \u201eprodan\u00fdch\u201c 7500 voz\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b. Ty se pak st\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011btem z\u00e1jmu pro p\u0159eprodej mlad\u00fdch ojetin v\u00a0programu \u0160koda Plus v\u00a0soukrom\u00e9 dealersk\u00e9 s\u00edti.<\/p>\n

Pokud jde o\u00a0240 registrac\u00ed nov\u00e9ho elektromobilu \u0160koda Elroq za prvn\u00ed dva m\u011bs\u00edce, kter\u00fd v\u00a0z\u00e1kladu l\u00e1k\u00e1 na cenovku 799\u00a0000 K\u010d, je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd ze 180 dealer\u016f \u0160kody Auto mus\u00ed m\u00edt nejm\u00e9n\u011b jeden nov\u00fd v\u016fz do showroomu a\u00a0jeden jako p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed vozidlo. To je dohromady 360 voz\u016f Elroq zaregistrovan\u00fdch pod zna\u010dkami u\u00a0dealer\u016f \u0160kody a\u00a0samoz\u0159ejm\u011b je\u0161t\u011b bez koncov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. Pochopiteln\u011b to plat\u00ed i\u00a0pro vozy Enyaq a\u00a0jejich p\u0159\u00edpadnou obm\u011bnu, kdy je pro \u0159adu dealer\u016f jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e nov\u00fd rad\u011bji prodat p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bc\u00ed v\u016fz jako mladou ojetinu a\u00a0nahradit ho novou dod\u00e1vkou z\u00a0automobilky.\u00a0\u00a0Politika uk\u00e1zkov\u00fdch a\u00a0p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edch voz\u016f je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b obdobn\u00e1 i\u00a0u\u00a0dealer\u016f VW a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch zna\u010dek.<\/p>\n

Za v\u00e1lky se auta \u0161patn\u011b prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed<\/h4>\n

Automobilky v\u00a0EU i\u00a0Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii s\u00a0velkou \u00fazkost\u00ed sleduj\u00ed r\u016fst mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho nap\u011bt\u00ed a\u00a0deklarovan\u00e9ho odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed politik\u016f za\u010d\u00edt celkem tvrd\u011b zbrojit, kdy\u017e administrativa prezidenta Trumpa deklaruje snahu omezit sv\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1ruky pro Evropu. Jestli si opravdu n\u011bkdo mysl\u00ed, \u017ee na pozad\u00ed latentn\u00ed hrozby roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed konfliktu po\u00a0rusk\u00e9 agresi proti Ukrajin\u011b d\u00e1le na z\u00e1pad Evropy bude existovat pozitivn\u00ed n\u00e1lada firem \u010di\u00a0dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed pro n\u00e1kupy nov\u00fdch osobn\u00edch aut, ne\u0159kuli drah\u00fdch elektrick\u00fdch, tak je naivka. Prodej nov\u00fdch aut je v\u017edy lakmusov\u00fdm pap\u00edrkem stavu ekonomiky, kter\u00e1 ov\u0161em nyn\u00ed p\u0159ehazuje v\u00fdhybku na prioritu zbrojn\u00ed v\u00fdroby.<\/p>\n

\"\"Veden\u00ed kriz\u00ed zm\u00edtan\u00e9ho koncernu VW dalo u\u017e ostatn\u011b jasn\u011b na v\u011bdom\u00ed, \u017ee by si um\u011blo p\u0159edstavit konverzi v\u00fdroby automobil\u016f sv\u00e9ho z\u00e1vodu v\u00a0dolnosask\u00e9m Osnabr\u00fccku (dosud zde vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00fd jedin\u00fd kabriolet VW T-Rock \u010di\u00a0dva modely e-aut Porsche) na zbrojn\u00ed produkci, aby tamn\u00edch 2300 d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f neztratilo dobrou pr\u00e1ci. To podle listu\u00a0The Daily Telegraph\u00a0<\/strong><\/a>povede mj.\u00a0k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee p\u0159edn\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e9 zbroja\u0159sk\u00e9 koncerny\u00a0jako Rheinmetall (kter\u00fd je dle tr\u017en\u00ed kapitalizace u\u017e nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed n\u011bmeckou firmou p\u0159ed VW) nebo KNDS Group budou cht\u00edt\u00a0automobilov\u00e9 z\u00e1vody p\u0159etransformovat\u00a0na tov\u00e1rny produkuj\u00edc\u00ed vojenskou techniku. Co\u017e je ostatn\u011b dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00e1 n\u011bmeck\u00e1 zku\u0161enost z\u00a030.\u00a0let 20.\u00a0stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Realita evropsk\u00e9ho trhu, v n\u011bm\u017e se v d\u016fsledku zadlu\u017een\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f zhroutil syst\u00e9m velkorys\u00fdch dotac\u00ed na elektromobily, je katastrofou pro ekonomiku evropsk\u00fdch automobilek. Z v\u016fle politik\u016f a podvolen\u00fdch mana\u017eer\u016f nen\u00e1vratn\u011b nainvestovaly stamiliardy eur do slibovan\u00e9 vize tot\u00e1ln\u00ed elektromobility a registruj\u00ed katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, kdy\u017e ne p\u0159\u00edmo dluhy. P\u0159esto\u017ee v EU se u\u017e roky masivn\u011b ru\u0161\u00ed principy tr\u017en\u00ed ekonomiky a v\u00edce ne\u017e polovina ekonomiky je ovlivn\u011bna rakovinov\u011b rozbujel\u00fdmi dotacemi a podporami, z\u00e1kazn\u00edci auta na baterie masov\u011b odm\u00edtaj\u00ed, proto\u017ee pro n\u011b nep\u0159edstavuj\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jejich mobility.<\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm VW, bi\u010dovan\u00fd mizern\u00fdm odbytem, n\u00edzkou produktivitou a\u00a0ne\u00fanosn\u011b malou vyt\u00ed\u017eenost\u00ed sv\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch kapacit pokra\u010duje v\u00a0programu sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010dtu sv\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Do roku 2030 se m\u00e1 sou\u010dasn\u00fd stav 130\u00a0000 pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst v\u00a0N\u011bmecku sn\u00ed\u017eit o\u00a035\u00a0000. N\u00e1strojem jsou d\u00edky odborov\u00fdm dohod\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsou pro \u010desk\u00e9 zam\u011bstnance jako z\u00a0\u0159\u00ed\u0161e sn\u016f, tak\u00e9 velkorys\u00e9 nab\u00eddky p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdch odchod\u016f do d\u016fchodu, je\u017e u\u017e se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 zam\u011bstnanc\u016f narozen\u00fdch v\u00a0roce 1968.<\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dojednan\u00e9ho p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho odchodu do d\u016fchodu VW zvy\u0161uje plat na 78 a\u017e 95 procent p\u0159edchoz\u00ed \u010dist\u00e9 mzdy (dle odpracovan\u00fdch let) a\u00a0nad\u00e1le plat\u00ed pln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky na z\u00e1konn\u00e9 penzijn\u00ed p\u0159ipoji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0podnikov\u00e9 penzijn\u00ed p\u0159ipoji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. B\u011bhem prvn\u00ed poloviny obvykle sedmilet\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci nad\u00e1le pracuj\u00ed na pln\u00fd \u00favazek a\u00a0v\u00a0druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b obdob\u00ed z\u016fstanou s\u00a0t\u011bmito \u010dist\u00fdmi platbami doma. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho odchodu do d\u016fchodu bude VW tak\u00e9 kompenzovat polovinu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed statut\u00e1rn\u00edho d\u016fchodu. Zde je nutno poznamenat, \u017ee dlouholet\u00ed zam\u011bstnanci Volkswagenu dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed nav\u00edc ke sv\u00e9 z\u00e1konn\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed penzi tak\u00e9 podnikov\u00fd d\u016fchod. P\u0159\u00edkladn\u011b d\u011bln\u00edk-n\u00e1stroja\u0159 pob\u00edr\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd podnikov\u00fd d\u016fchod ve v\u00fd\u0161i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 700 eur m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b. V\u00a0roce 2023 vyplatil Volkswagen na podnikov\u00fdch d\u016fchodech celkem 1,6 miliardy eur. Podobn\u00e9 je to u\u00a0pl\u00e1nu Audi sn\u00ed\u017eit po\u010det sv\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f o\u00a07500.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Tak\u00e9 Mercedes tvrd\u011b plat\u00ed za sv\u00e1 naprosto nerealistick\u00e1 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dominance elektromobiln\u00edch model\u016f. Hv\u011bzdn\u00e1 zna\u010dka mus\u00ed propou\u0161t\u011bt, ale des\u00edtky tis\u00edc jeho zam\u011bstnanc\u016f jsou pod odborovou ochranou jistoty zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a\u017e do p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed dek\u00e1dy. Tak\u017ee nab\u00edz\u00ed lidem na odchodnou do p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu i 500 000 eur, v p\u0159epo\u010dtu a\u017e 12 milion\u016f korun.<\/p>\n

Razantn\u00ed propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se t\u00fdk\u00e1 a\u017e 30 tis\u00edc zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b v administrativ\u011b. V r\u00e1mci \u00fasporn\u00e9ho programu chce do roku 2027 u\u0161et\u0159it 5 miliard eur. Koncern Stellantis se chce aktu\u00e1ln\u011b zbavit tak\u00e9 tis\u00edc\u016f d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f a v odborov\u011b tolik nechr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch USA d\u011bln\u00edky motivuje k odchodu \u010d\u00e1stkou a\u017e 72 000 dolar\u016f (asi 1,7 milionu K\u010d) a p\u016fl roku zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zdarma nav\u00edc.<\/p>\n

Americk\u00e1 auta? Jasn\u011b, ale ne elektrick\u00e1<\/h4>\n

Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem v\u00fdvoje na trhu elektromobil\u016f je zna\u010dka Tesla, kter\u00e1 krom\u011b konjuktur\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00fdkyv\u016f za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 velice t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u010dasy, zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 opakovan\u00fdmi politick\u00fdmi excesy jej\u00edho \u0161\u00e9fa Elona Muska. A\u00a0d\u00e1le rostouc\u00ed konkurenc\u00ed a\u00a0zastar\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdrobn\u00edm programem, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e v\u00a0Evrop\u011b od roku 2019 nep\u0159ibyl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nov\u00fd model. U\u017e druh\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc v\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 podle\u00a0Yahoo Finance<\/a>\u00a0prudk\u00e9 propady prodej\u016f prakticky ve v\u0161ech regionech, kde se nab\u00edz\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e nejv\u00edce klesla Evropa v\u00a0\u010dele s\u00a0N\u011bmeckem. Na star\u00e9m kontinentu se za \u00fanor 2025 prodeje cel\u00e9 zna\u010dky meziro\u010dn\u011b propadly o\u00a044 %, co\u017e je sice malinkat\u00e9 zlep\u0161en\u00ed oproti lednov\u00e9mu 45% p\u00e1du, ov\u0161em k\u00a0dobr\u00fdm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm to m\u00e1 daleko. Hlavn\u00ed z\u00e1sluhu na tristn\u00edm v\u00fdsledku m\u00e1 N\u011bmecko, kde americk\u00e1 zna\u010dka prodala meziro\u010dn\u011b o\u00a076\u00a0% vozidel m\u00e9n\u011b a\u00a0\u00fanorov\u00e9 registrace se zastavily na \u010d\u00edsle 1429.<\/p>\n

V\u0161echny velk\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 autop\u016fj\u010dovny se zbavily s\u00a0ob\u0159\u00edmi ztr\u00e1tami elektrick\u00fdch voz\u016f a\u00a0hlavn\u011b tesel, proto\u017ee zjistily, \u017ee pokles jejich hodnoty jim nezajist\u00ed rentabilitu. Cena ojet\u00fdch elektromobil\u016f klesla oproti p\u0159edpandemick\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru o\u00a025 %, zat\u00edmco tradi\u010dn\u00ed spalovac\u00ed auta na hodnot\u011b naopak z\u00edskala o\u00a0zhruba 15 procent.<\/p>\n

Zna\u010dka Tesla, dosavadn\u00ed etalon elektromobility, typicky po\u00a0t\u0159ech letech provozu ztr\u00e1c\u00ed a\u017e 47\u00a0% sv\u00e9 hodnoty. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, prvn\u00ed t\u0159i roky stoj\u00ed majitele Tesly amortizace vozu kolem 20 tis\u00edc korun m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b. Hodnota vozu pro dal\u0161\u00ed prodej jako ojetiny (anglicky: residual value) je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pro v\u011bt\u0161inu z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed si nekupuj\u00ed auto s\u00a0c\u00edlem jezdit s\u00a0n\u00edm a\u017e do konce jeho \u017eivotnosti. Auto se spalovac\u00edm motorem je atraktivn\u00edm produktem pro dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159eprodej, drah\u00e1 ojet\u00e1 elektrick\u00e1 nenajdou v\u00a0b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch lidech v\u00a0n\u00e1jemn\u00edch bytech sv\u00e9 z\u00e1kazn\u00edky.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9<\/h4>\n

Cel\u00fd evropsk\u00fd automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl je po\u00a0bankrotu \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9 tov\u00e1rny Nortvolt (kde mj.\u00a0VW utopil svou investici 500 milion\u016f eur) na baterie pln\u011b odk\u00e1z\u00e1n na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 lithiov\u00e9 akumul\u00e1tory, kter\u00e9 prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed se \u0161pi\u010dkovou mar\u017e\u00ed i\u00a0\u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kodovce. Ale pro\u010d by m\u011bla \u010c\u00edna prod\u00e1vat baterie, kdy\u017e m\u016f\u017ee prodat s\u00a0daleko v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm ziskem cel\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 auto?<\/p>\n

\"\"\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 automobilka\u00a0BYD zaznamenala v\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b siln\u00fd r\u016fst, kdy\u017e jej\u00ed tr\u017eby poprv\u00e9 p\u0159ekro\u010dily hranici\u00a0100 miliard dolar\u016f\u00a0a\u00a0p\u0159edb\u011bhly i\u00a0americkou Teslu\u00a0v\u00a0celkov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjmech. Loni dos\u00e1hly tr\u017eby BYD\u00a0777 miliard j\u00fcan\u016f (cca 107 miliard USD), \u010d\u00edm\u017e p\u0159ekonaly o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed analytik\u016f (766 miliard j\u00fcan\u016f) i\u00a0p\u0159\u00edjmy Tesly, kter\u00e9 \u010dinily 97,7 miliard USD. \u010cist\u00fd zisk BYD\u00a0vzrostl meziro\u010dn\u011b o\u00a034\u00a0%\u00a0na 40,3 miliardy j\u00fcan\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e firma zaznamenala silnou popt\u00e1vku nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d portfoliem elektrick\u00fdch i\u00a0hybridn\u00edch vozidel. A\u00a0na dal\u0161\u00ed r\u016fst je p\u0159ipravena mj.\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee pro ni v\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b i\u00a0ve sv\u011bt\u011b pracuje 120\u00a0000\u00a0lid\u00ed v\u00a0technick\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji. Letos za\u010dne BYD vyr\u00e1b\u011bt sv\u00e1 auta v\u00a0Ma\u010farsku a\u00a0p\u0159ekon\u00e1 tak cla a\u017e 46\u00a0% uvalen\u00e1 Evropskou komis\u00ed na dovozy z\u00a0\u010c\u00edny.<\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm ve veden\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 komise a\u00a0v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00edch EU zraj\u00ed staronov\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny na dotov\u00e1n\u00ed elektromobil\u016f. M\u011blo by j\u00edt o\u00a0kombinaci da\u0148ov\u00fdch \u00falev, ale tak\u00e9 zcela zcestn\u00fdch idej\u00ed, \u017ee povinn\u011b by si musely kupovat elektromobily firmy s\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 slu\u017eebn\u00edmi vozy. Tak\u00e9 \u00favahy nov\u00e9 n\u011bmeck\u00e9 dojedn\u00e1van\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy CDU\/CSU a\u00a0SPD o\u00a0op\u011btovn\u00e9m zaveden\u00ed dotac\u00ed na e-auta u\u00a0tamn\u00edch automobilek narazily. List Die Welt\u00a0citoval \u0161\u00e9fa BMW Olivera Zipse: \u201eJsme proti n\u00e1kupn\u00edm pob\u00eddk\u00e1m.\u201c Takov\u00fd syst\u00e9m by podle n\u011bj mohl naru\u0161it trh a\u00a0bylo by obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 jej po\u00a0zaveden\u00ed postupn\u011b vy\u0159adit. Co\u017e je tvrd\u00e1 zku\u0161enost z\u00a0okam\u017eit\u00e9ho ukon\u010den\u00ed dotac\u00ed z\u00a08.\u00a0prosince 2023 v\u00a0d\u016fsledku pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu vl\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n

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N\u011bmeck\u00e1 asociace automobilov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu VDA\u00a0napsala<\/a>, \u017ee m\u00edsto dotac\u00ed douf\u00e1 v\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed dan\u011b na elekt\u0159inu a\u00a0transparentn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed trh s\u00a0nab\u00edjec\u00edmi body pro elektromobily. Gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel Volkswagenu Oliver Blume upozornil, \u017ee \u010d\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edci nab\u00edjej\u00ed doma sv\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 vozy za pouh\u00e9 t\u0159i a\u017e \u010dty\u0159i eurocenty (0,75 a\u017e 1,00\u00a0K\u010d) za kilowatthodinu, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e je mnohem atraktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed koupit si elektromobil. Ceny na ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch nab\u00edjec\u00edch stanic\u00edch v\u00a0N\u011bmecku se podle\u00a0VDA<\/a>\u00a0pohybuj\u00ed mezi 30 a\u00a090 centy (7,50 a\u017e 23 korun) za kWh a\u00a0\u0159idi\u010di EV \u010dasto pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed n\u011bkolik servisn\u00edch karet od r\u016fzn\u00fdch poskytovatel\u016f, aby m\u011bli p\u0159\u00edstup ke v\u0161em instalac\u00edm.<\/p>\n

N\u011bmeck\u00e1 vl\u00e1da chce cenu elekt\u0159iny srazit sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm dan\u00ed na elekt\u0159inu a\u00a0p\u0159eveden\u00edm \u010d\u00e1sti poplatk\u016f za jej\u00ed distribuci na st\u00e1t. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, m\u00edsto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010din drah\u00e9 elekt\u0159iny v\u00a0d\u016fsledku zelen\u00e9 tranzice p\u0159en\u00e9st uspo\u0159en\u00e9 n\u00e1klady v\u00a0cen\u011b elekt\u0159iny na v\u0161echny da\u0148ov\u00e9 poplatn\u00edky.<\/p>\n

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Jak se autor tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku dozv\u011bd\u011bl od majitele a\u00a0\u0161\u00e9fa v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 dodavatelsk\u00e9 firmy Brano Group Pavla Ju\u0159\u00ed\u010dka, v\u00a0dubnu za\u010dne vyr\u00e1b\u011bt jeho nov\u00fd podnik se 190 zam\u011bstnanci v\u00a0americk\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u011b Georgia. Fin\u00e1ln\u00ed cenu elekt\u0159iny pro z\u00e1vod m\u00e1 garantovanou na 40 dolarech za MWh, tedy za m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 1 korunu za kWh. K\u00a0tomu dostane od guvern\u00e9ra st\u00e1tu investi\u010dn\u00ed pob\u00eddky a\u00a0\u010dek\u00e1 na dal\u0161\u00ed sl\u00edben\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed dan\u00ed vl\u00e1dou Donalda Trumpa. Strategie nov\u00e9ho prezidenta USA je pr\u016fhledn\u00e1: p\u0159ij\u010fte do USA vyr\u00e1b\u011bt, d\u00e1t Ameri\u010dan\u016fm pr\u00e1ci, a\u00a0budete m\u00edt v\u0161echny v\u00fdhody. Jinak budete platit, platit a\u00a0platit\u2026 cla.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Milan Smutn\u00fd, Sv\u011bt hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/h4>\n
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Ozn\u00e1men\u00ed prezidenta USA Donalda Trumpa z 26. b\u0159ezna, \u017ee Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty americk\u00e9 zavedou od 2….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10845,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analyza","category-komentar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11981","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11981"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11981\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11986,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11981\/revisions\/11986"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10845"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}