{"id":15740,"date":"2025-08-25T10:21:09","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T10:21:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=15740"},"modified":"2025-08-25T10:21:09","modified_gmt":"2025-08-25T10:21:09","slug":"saudska-arabie-chce-vyrabet-vodik-ktery-premeni-na-amoniak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=15740","title":{"rendered":"Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie chce vyr\u00e1b\u011bt vod\u00edk, kter\u00fd p\u0159em\u011bn\u00ed na amoniak"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie, zem\u011b spojovan\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm s ropou, u\u010dinila dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fd krok sm\u011brem k budoucnosti. Tentokr\u00e1t nejde jen o vod\u00edk, ale tak\u00e9 o amoniak. Zem\u011b pl\u00e1nuje v\u00fdstavbu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na v\u00fdrobu zelen\u00e9ho vod\u00edku s ro\u010dn\u00ed produkc\u00ed 400 000 tun. Hodnota se odhaduje na miliardy eur.<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Yanbu Green Hydrogen Hub s v\u00fdkonem 4 gigawatty se m\u00e1 st\u00e1t jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed tohoto typu na sv\u011bt\u011b. Jeho produkce m\u00e1 b\u00fdt t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvakr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e projekt Neom, dosavadn\u00ed vlajkov\u00e1 iniciativa Sa\u00fad\u016f v oblasti vod\u00edku.<\/p>\n

Nezaplav\u00ed v\u0161ak trh ekologick\u00fdm vod\u00edkem, proto\u017ee ten m\u00e1 b\u00fdt na m\u00edst\u011b zpracov\u00e1n na zelen\u00fd amoniak, kter\u00fd se pot\u00e9 dostane na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed exportn\u00ed trhy.<\/p>\n

Zelen\u00fd vod\u00edk bude vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00fd metodou elektrol\u00fdzy vody za pou\u017eit\u00ed obnoviteln\u00e9 energie, nap\u0159\u00edklad slune\u010dn\u00ed nebo v\u011btrn\u00e9, pot\u00e9 se vod\u00edk spoj\u00ed s dus\u00edkem z\u00edskan\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edmo ze vzduchu za vysok\u00e9ho tlaku a teploty.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledkem t\u00e9to reakce je vznik amoniaku (NH\u2083). Reakce zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Haber\u016fv-Bosch\u016fv proces je b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na v chemick\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu, ale dosud hlavn\u011b s vyu\u017eit\u00edm vod\u00edku poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edho z fosiln\u00edch paliv.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Gener\u00e1tor vod\u00edku<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed skladov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159eprava<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u016fvodem vyu\u017eit\u00ed amoniaku jsou jeho vlastnosti. Je mnohem snaz\u0161\u00ed jej skladovat a p\u0159epravovat ne\u017e samotn\u00fd vod\u00edk, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 teploty nebo vysok\u00fd tlak.<\/p>\n

Proto se amoniak st\u00e1v\u00e1 nosi\u010dem vod\u00edku v glob\u00e1ln\u00edm obchodu s energi\u00ed. Lze jej p\u0159epravovat lod\u011bmi jako LNG a po dod\u00e1n\u00ed na m\u00edsto ur\u010den\u00ed p\u0159em\u011bnit zp\u011bt na vod\u00edk nebo pou\u017e\u00edt p\u0159\u00edmo, nap\u0159\u00edklad v turb\u00edn\u00e1ch, lod\u00edch nebo hnojivech.<\/p>\n

Zak\u00e1zku na p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fd in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00fd n\u00e1vrh Yanbu Green Hydrogen Hubu z\u00edskala spole\u010dn\u011b \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e1 in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost T\u00e9cnicas Reunidas a \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 energeticko-chemick\u00e1 skupina Sinopec. F\u00e1ze n\u00e1vrhu m\u00e1 trvat p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Teprve po jej\u00edm dokon\u010den\u00ed p\u0159edlo\u017e\u00ed partne\u0159i podrobnou nab\u00eddku na v\u00fdstavbu cel\u00e9ho komplexu.<\/p>\n

Infrastruktura pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 k provozu Yanbu Green Hydrogen Hub bude stejn\u011b impozantn\u00ed jako samotn\u00fd z\u00e1vod. Krom\u011b hlavn\u00ed tov\u00e1rny na vod\u00edk je nutn\u00e9 vybudovat specializovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m odsolov\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9 vody a specializovan\u00fd exportn\u00ed termin\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

Elekt\u0159inu dodaj\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e9 farmy <\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm prvkem \u201ezelen\u00e9ho\u201c charakteru projektu je nap\u00e1jen\u00ed. Obrovsk\u00e9 sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e9 farmy maj\u00ed dod\u00e1vat ve\u0161kerou pot\u0159ebnou elekt\u0159inu a zaru\u010dit tak n\u00edzkou uhl\u00edkovou stopu cel\u00e9ho procesu.<\/p>\n

Projekt Yanbu je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mnohem \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed energetick\u00e9 strategie Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bie. Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed ozn\u00e1milo, \u017ee do roku 2030 hodl\u00e1 investovat do energetick\u00e9ho sektoru 270 miliard dolar\u016f, co\u017e je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vize diverzifikace ekonomiky, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 postupn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit jej\u00ed z\u00e1vislost na p\u0159\u00edjmech z ropy.<\/p>\n

Jedn\u00edm z konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch c\u00edl\u016f je z\u00edskat 10procentn\u00ed pod\u00edl na glob\u00e1ln\u00edm trhu s exportem vod\u00edku. Vzhledem k progn\u00f3z\u00e1m analytik\u016f ohledn\u011b r\u016fstu tohoto trhu by to znamenalo opravdu gigantick\u00fd byznys.<\/p>\n

Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie nen\u00ed jedin\u00fdm hr\u00e1\u010dem v regionu, kter\u00fd s\u00e1z\u00ed na vod\u00edk a jeho vyu\u017eit\u00ed. Spojen\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 emir\u00e1ty vy\u010dlenily na svou vod\u00edkovou strategii v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 miliard eur. Maroko zase rozv\u00edj\u00ed iniciativu v hodnot\u011b 32 miliard dolar\u016f, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 z t\u00e9to zem\u011b u\u010dinit kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9ho dodavatele zelen\u00e9ho vod\u00edku pro evropsk\u00fd trh.<\/p>\n

10 procent celosv\u011btov\u00e9 kapacity elektrolyz\u00e9r\u016f<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Celkem projekty v oblasti vod\u00edku, kter\u00e9 se v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b rozv\u00edjej\u00ed na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b a v severn\u00ed Africe, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10 procent celosv\u011btov\u00e9 kapacity elektrolyz\u00e9r\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou ve f\u00e1zi pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo v\u00fdstavby.<\/p>\n

Region m\u00e1 na to p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed p\u0159edpoklady. Je to zejm\u00e9na velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00edho svitu, rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 a m\u00e1lo vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pou\u0161tn\u00ed oblasti ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro v\u00fdstavbu gigantick\u00fdch fotovoltaick\u00fdch farem a dlouholet\u00e9, zaveden\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s exportem energetick\u00fdch surovin v glob\u00e1ln\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku.<\/p>\n

Toyota vyvinula syst\u00e9m palivov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f t\u0159et\u00ed generace<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Na vod\u00edk s\u00e1z\u00ed tak\u00e9 velk\u00e9 korporace a automobilky. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Toyota pova\u017euje vod\u00edk za d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 palivo v \u00fasil\u00ed o uhl\u00edkovou neutralitu a podporuje r\u016fzn\u00e9 iniciativy pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, p\u0159epravu, skladov\u00e1n\u00ed a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed vod\u00edku.<\/p>\n

Toyota Motor Corporation nyn\u00ed vyvinula nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m palivov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f t\u0159et\u00ed generace. Je navr\u017een pro komer\u010dn\u00ed sektor a m\u00e1 stejnou \u017eivotnost jako b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vzn\u011btov\u00e9 motory. Vyzna\u010duje se v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zlep\u0161en\u00edm v\u00fdkonu, v\u010detn\u011b \u00faspory paliva a v\u00fdrazn\u00e9ho sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edchoz\u00ed verz\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V roce 2014 uvedla Toyota na trh elektromobil Mirai s palivov\u00fdmi \u010dl\u00e1nky (FCEV) a od t\u00e9 doby prodala p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 28 000 kus\u016f ve v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 zem\u00edch a teritori\u00edch. Od roku 2019 nav\u00edc Toyota za\u010dala dod\u00e1vat syst\u00e9my FC pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v dal\u0161\u00edch aplikac\u00edch, jako jsou autobusy, \u017eeleznice a stacion\u00e1rn\u00ed gener\u00e1tory energie, a dodala v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 700 jednotek v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Toyota<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Toyota Mirai<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie, zem\u011b spojovan\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm s ropou, u\u010dinila dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fd krok sm\u011brem k budoucnosti. Tentokr\u00e1t…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15742,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekologie","category-vodik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15740"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15740\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15746,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15740\/revisions\/15746"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15742"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15740"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15740"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}