{"id":2123,"date":"2024-02-13T17:55:40","date_gmt":"2024-02-13T17:55:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=2123"},"modified":"2024-02-13T18:04:52","modified_gmt":"2024-02-13T18:04:52","slug":"toyota-prichazi-s-recyklaci-baterii-bez-spalovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=2123","title":{"rendered":"Toyota testuje recyklaci bateri\u00ed bez spalov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dosud Toyota recyklovala baterie z\u00a0elektrick\u00fdch a hybridn\u00edch vozidel pomoc\u00ed konven\u010dn\u00edch spalovac\u00edch technik. Loni na podzim se pustila do recyklace bateri\u00ed bez spalov\u00e1n\u00ed s c\u00edlem naj\u00edt recykla\u010dn\u00ed technologii s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi emisemi. Je to prvn\u00ed metoda p\u0159em\u011bny vybit\u00fdch bateri\u00ed na nov\u00e9 bez spalov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pou\u017eit\u00e9 baterie se napln\u00ed elektrolytick\u00fdm roztokem, kter\u00fd umo\u017en\u00ed snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pohyb kladn\u00fdch a z\u00e1porn\u00fdch iont\u016f pro nab\u00edjen\u00ed a vyb\u00edjen\u00ed elekt\u0159iny. Tato kapalina je v\u0161ak vysoce ho\u0159lav\u00e1 a p\u0159i nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 manipulaci hroz\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ru.<\/p>\n

Aby se toto riziko eliminovalo, m\u016f\u017ee za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed elektrolytickou kapalinu destilovat a extrahovat. Tato technika se p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 recyklaci nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee baterie musely b\u00fdt sp\u00e1leny i s tekutinou.<\/p>\n

Po extrakci kapaliny se \u010dl\u00e1nky skartuj\u00ed. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pak t\u0159\u00edd\u00ed a z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 zp\u011bt zdroje, jako jsou velk\u00e9 kusy obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed hlin\u00edk a \u017eelezo nebo pr\u00e1\u0161ek obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed mnoho vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch kov\u016f.<\/p>\n

Vyt\u0159\u00edd\u00ed se star\u00e9 kusy pro nov\u00e9 baterie<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Vyt\u0159\u00edd\u011bn\u00e9 kusy a pr\u00e1\u0161ky se p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed do spolupracuj\u00edc\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed se na materi\u00e1ly pro nov\u00e9 baterie. Takov\u00e1 recyklace bateri\u00ed bez spalov\u00e1n\u00ed je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed, proto\u017ee nejen sni\u017euje emise CO2<\/sub>, ale tak\u00e9 zvy\u0161uje m\u00edru vyu\u017eit\u00ed bateri\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eP\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 likvidaci bateri\u00ed v Japonsku se baterie nejprve sp\u00e1l\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se uvoln\u00ed CO2<\/sub>. Pracujeme na v\u00fdvoji a ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00edzkoemisn\u00edch metod likvidace, kter\u00fdmi jsou zaveden\u00ed ob\u011bhov\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a dosa\u017een\u00ed uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 neutrality,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Keisuke Isomura z divize pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed v\u00a0Toyot\u011b.<\/p>\n

Rostouc\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed elektrifikovan\u00fdch vozidel v posledn\u00edch letech prov\u00e1zej\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my, jako je zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch kov\u016f pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch pro jejich baterie, nap\u0159\u00edklad kobaltu nebo lithia. Z\u00e1soby t\u011bchto nerostn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f jsou omezen\u00e9 a nepl\u00e1novan\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eba m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k jejich vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Aby se tomu p\u0159ede\u0161lo, podporuj\u00ed zem\u011b po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b recyklaci za \u00fa\u010delem z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto materi\u00e1l\u016f. V Evrop\u011b za\u010dnou v roce 2031 platit p\u0159edpisy, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdrobc\u016fm bateri\u00ed ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed povinnost pou\u017e\u00edvat pevn\u00fd pom\u011br vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch kov\u016f z\u00edskan\u00fdch z vybit\u00fdch bateri\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 jsou kobalt, lithium a nikl<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Elektrody bateri\u00ed obsahuj\u00ed mnoho cenn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, jako jsou kobalt, lithium a nikl. Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 metody recyklace v\u0161ak za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed vhozen\u00edm vybit\u00fdch bateri\u00ed do spalovny a n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm sb\u011brem vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch kov\u016f, kter\u00e9 po sp\u00e1len\u00ed z\u016fstanou.<\/p>\n

Tato metoda sni\u017euje mno\u017estv\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a uvol\u0148uje obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed CO\u2082, co\u017e m\u00e1 rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd dopad na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. P\u0159echod k uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 neutralit\u011b bude vy\u017eadovat zviditeln\u011bn\u00ed cyklu od v\u00fdroby a\u017e po vy\u0159azen\u00ed z provozu a recyklaci a jejich sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201ePot\u0159ebujeme spole\u010dnost orientovanou na recyklaci, ve kter\u00e9 nebude nutn\u00e9 spalov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nutnost ob\u011bhov\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn a biodiverzity je dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00e1.\u00a0K dosa\u017een\u00ed ob\u011bhov\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed pot\u0159ebujeme tak\u00e9 technologie a know-how. Toyota siln\u00e9ho partnera v podob\u011b Toyota Chemical Engineering,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u0159editelka pro udr\u017eiteln\u00fd rozvoj Yumi Otsuka.<\/p>\n

Tato spole\u010dnost zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd odpad spolupracovala s Toyotou v roce 2010 na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed prvn\u00ed technologie recyklace nikl-metalov\u00fdch hydridn\u00edch bateri\u00ed (NiMH) na sv\u011bt\u011b. Od t\u00e9 doby v Japonsku sb\u00edr\u00e1 a recykluje pou\u017eit\u00e9 baterie z hybridn\u00edch Toyot.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u010cern\u00e9 l\u00e1tky v lahv\u00edch vznikly z automobilov\u00fdch d\u00edl\u016f speci\u00e1ln\u00ed recyklac\u00ed bateri\u00ed z modern\u00edch hybridn\u00edch a elektrick\u00fdch automobil\u016f. Vlevo je nikl-metalhydridov\u00e1 baterie (NiMH) pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 a\u017e do 3. generace vozu Priusu, uprost\u0159ed je lithium-iontov\u00e1 baterie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 v dal\u0161\u00edch hybridn\u00edch vozech a vpravo je lithium-iontov\u00e1 baterie z vozu Toyota bZ4X.<\/i><\/em><\/p>\n

Zdroj: Toyota<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dosud Toyota recyklovala baterie z\u00a0elektrick\u00fdch a hybridn\u00edch vozidel pomoc\u00ed konven\u010dn\u00edch spalovac\u00edch technik. Loni na podzim…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2126,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65,40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-baterie","category-technologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2123"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2128,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2123\/revisions\/2128"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2126"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}