{"id":24904,"date":"2026-10-01T08:00:29","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T08:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=24904"},"modified":"2026-10-01T08:00:29","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T08:00:29","slug":"ey-evropske-automobilky-ohrozuje-zavislost-na-nekolika-zemich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=24904","title":{"rendered":"EY: Evropsk\u00e9 automobilky ohro\u017euje z\u00e1vislost na n\u011bkolika zem\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Pro budoucnost v\u00fdroby automobil\u016f v EU je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rizikem koncentrace dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f. Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to ze studie, kterou zpracovaly <\/strong><strong>\u010desk\u00e1 a n\u011bmeck\u00e1 pobo\u010dka spole\u010dnosti EY pro Evropsk\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdrobc\u016f automobil\u016f (ACEA). <\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Dod\u00e1vky \u0159ady kritick\u00fdch vstup\u016f jsou soust\u0159ed\u011bny do omezen\u00e9ho po\u010dtu zem\u00ed, dodavatel\u016f a zpracovatelsk\u00fdch center. V r\u00e1mci deseti posuzovan\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a komponent studie ozna\u010duje za rizikov\u00e9 polovodi\u010de, kabelov\u00e9 svazky, neodym-\u017eelezo-borov\u00e9 magnety, k\u0159em\u00edk a wolfram.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201eHlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem Evropy nen\u00ed jen dostupnost surovin. Je\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1sadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed zpracovatelsk\u00e9 kapacity, kvalifikovan\u00ed dodavatel\u00e9 a specializovan\u00e9 know-how. Vybudovat je nelze b\u011bhem jednoho nebo dvou let.\u201c komentoval hlavn\u00ed analytick\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry Zden\u011bk Du\u0161ek, partner poradenstv\u00ed pro automobilov\u00fd sektor EY \u010cesk\u00e1 republika.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Studie rovn\u011b\u017e zji\u0161\u0165ovala, jak\u00e1 rizika jsou specifick\u00e1 pro rychle rostouc\u00ed segment elektromobil\u016f. U dostupnosti materi\u00e1l\u016f kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch pro jejich v\u00fdrobu je to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm konkurence jin\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed, jak\u00fdmi jsou zejm\u00e9na AI, datov\u00e1 centra a energetika. Elektrifikace tak zvy\u0161uje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 15 % tlak vyvolan\u00fd soupe\u0159en\u00edm automobilov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu s jin\u00fdmi odv\u011btv\u00edmi o stejn\u00e9 kritick\u00e9 vstupy.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201eElektromobily sice omezuj\u00ed z\u00e1vislost na n\u011bkter\u00fdch tradi\u010dn\u00edch komponentech a pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b tradi\u010dn\u00edch d\u00edl\u016f. Na druhou stranu vy\u017eaduj\u00ed v\u00edce polovodi\u010d\u016f, v\u00fdkonov\u00e9 elektroniky a kritick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. A pr\u00e1v\u011b o tyto dod\u00e1vky automobilky st\u00e1le v\u00edce soupe\u0159\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi odv\u011btv\u00edmi, nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdrobci \u010dip\u016f pro um\u011blou inteligenci,\u201c vysv\u011btlila nar\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed rizika pro transformuj\u00edc\u00ed se automobilky Martina Nim\u010dov\u00e1, mana\u017eerka odd\u011blen\u00ed podnikov\u00e9ho poradenstv\u00ed EY \u010cesk\u00e1 republika.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Studie posuzovala deset kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a komponent podle \u0161esti faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou omezovat jejich dostupnost v dodavatelsk\u00e9m \u0159et\u011bzci. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko p\u0159edstavuje koncentrace dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f, kter\u00e1 na p\u011btibodov\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le dos\u00e1hla hodnoty 4,6. N\u00e1sleduj\u00ed technologie a pracovn\u00ed s\u00edla (4,3), nahraditelnost (4,3), doba pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 k nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed kapacit (4,2) a konkurence jin\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed (4,1).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kritick\u00fdm bodem je zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a logistika<\/strong><br \/>\nNejrizikov\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nkem \u0159et\u011bzce je u \u0161esti z deseti sledovan\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f rafinace a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, nikoli t\u011b\u017eba. Jak rychle se kombinace koncentrovan\u00e9 nab\u00eddky a rostouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vky m\u016f\u017ee prom\u00edtnout do cen, ukazuje galium: jeho cena vzrostla z p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 197 americk\u00fdch dolar\u016f za kilogram v roce 2016 na zhruba 2 269 dolar\u016f v roce 2026, tedy o v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 000 %.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Studie pracuje se \u010dty\u0159mi mo\u017en\u00fdmi sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 zachycuj\u00ed hlavn\u00ed geografick\u00e9 oblasti expozice evropsk\u00e9ho automobilov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu: naru\u0161en\u00ed dod\u00e1vek elektroniky z Tchaj-wanu, asijsk\u00fd surovinov\u00fd nacionalismus, nap\u011bt\u00ed na obchodn\u00edch koridorech Ameriky a ot\u0159esy v africk\u00fdch nerostn\u00fdch koridorech. Spole\u010dn\u00fdm jmenovatelem je logistika, proto\u017ee naru\u0161en\u00ed dopravn\u00edch tras zas\u00e1hne nar\u00e1z v\u00edce materi\u00e1l\u016f a komponent. Pro v\u00fdrobce, kte\u0159\u00ed funguj\u00ed v re\u017eimu just-in-time, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee i kr\u00e1tk\u00fd v\u00fdpadek m\u016f\u017ee zastavit v\u00fdrobn\u00ed linky, jak uk\u00e1zala \u010dipov\u00e1 krize let 2021 a 2022.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rozhoduje rychlost<\/strong><br \/>\nZ mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho srovn\u00e1n\u00ed vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee odolnost nevznik\u00e1 d\u00edky jednotliv\u00fdm investic\u00edm, ale propojen\u00fdm pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdm ekosyst\u00e9m\u016fm. P\u0159\u00edkladem je jihokorejsk\u00fd polovodi\u010dov\u00fd megacluster nebo tchajwansk\u00e9 v\u011bdeckotechnick\u00e9 parky. Americk\u00fd z\u00e1kon CHIPS Act zase uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 podpora \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik dok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159it\u00e1hnout soukrom\u00e9 investice ve v\u00fd\u0161i stovek miliard dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201eRoz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed kapacit u nejkriti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch vstup\u016f \u010dasto trv\u00e1 d\u00e9le ne\u017e p\u011bt let, proto\u017ee zahrnuje povolov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00fdstavbu, technick\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a kvalifikaci pro automobilovou v\u00fdrobu. V takov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch nez\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdhodu ten, kdo m\u00e1 nejlep\u0161\u00ed strategii na pap\u00ed\u0159e, ale ten, kdo za\u010dne jednat d\u0159\u00edve a dok\u00e1\u017ee kapacity rychle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it,\u201c doplnil k\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm studie Zden\u011bk Du\u0161ek.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Podle studie nen\u00ed realistick\u00fdm c\u00edlem \u00fapln\u00e1 evropsk\u00e1 sob\u011bsta\u010dnost. Evropa by m\u011bla p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm diverzifikovat dodavatele a logistick\u00e9 trasy, zam\u011b\u0159it investice na nejkriti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpracovatelsk\u00e9 kapacity, zrychlit povolov\u00e1n\u00ed a kvalifikaci nov\u00fdch projekt\u016f a vytvo\u0159it dlouhodob\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, kter\u00e9 soukrom\u00fdm investor\u016fm poskytnou jistotu budouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vky.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201eOdolnost dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f je pro evropsk\u00fd automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl strategickou prioritou. Ve spolupr\u00e1ci s odpov\u011bdn\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny a politick\u00fdmi p\u0159edstaviteli je t\u0159eba vytvo\u0159it soubor opat\u0159en\u00ed a pob\u00eddek, kter\u00e9 podpo\u0159\u00ed diverzifikaci dod\u00e1vek, pos\u00edl\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 kapacity a zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed atraktivitu Evropy pro investice. Nejedn\u00e1 se zde pouze o \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik. Jde o zachov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 s\u00edly a konkurenceschopnosti Evropy,\u201c uvedla Sigrid de Vries, gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editelka ACEA.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>O studii<\/strong><br \/>\nN\u00e1zev studie vyhotoven\u00e9 EY \u010cesk\u00e1 republika je Analysis of Structural Dependencies and Geopolitical Pressures in the Automotive Value Chain. Zadavatelem je Evropsk\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdrobc\u016f automobil\u016f (ACEA), kter\u00e9 zahrnuje 17 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch automobilek, jak\u00fdmi jsou skupiny Volkswagen Group, Toyota, Hyundai, Ford, Renault Group, Stellantis, BMW Group, Volvo a dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pro budoucnost v\u00fdroby automobil\u016f v EU je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rizikem koncentrace dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f. Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to ze&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":7188,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,47,43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24904","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analyza","category-doprava","category-logistika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24904","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24904"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24904\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24911,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24904\/revisions\/24911"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24904"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24904"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24904"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}