{"id":3440,"date":"2024-04-16T07:44:27","date_gmt":"2024-04-16T07:44:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=3440"},"modified":"2024-04-16T07:44:27","modified_gmt":"2024-04-16T07:44:27","slug":"rozptyleny-ridic-nakolik-je-nebezpecny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=3440","title":{"rendered":"Rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fd \u0159idi\u010d – nakolik je nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"

Evropsk\u00e1 komise varuje, \u017ee se \u0159idi\u010di v\u00edce ne\u017e polovinu doby pobytu za volantem dostate\u010dn\u011b nev\u011bnuj\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00e9mu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Pokud se \u0159idi\u010d v\u011bnuje n\u011b\u010demu jin\u00e9mu, obecn\u011b se zvy\u0161uje riziko nehody dvojn\u00e1sobn\u011b. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Na vzniku 29 procent nehod se zran\u011bn\u00edm a 25 procent smrteln\u00fdch hav\u00e1ri\u00ed se podepsalo nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bnov\u00e1n\u00ed se \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Roztr\u017eitost p\u0159i \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed loni st\u00e1la v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice \u017eivot 53 osob.<\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 komise ve sv\u00e9 publikaci \u201eThematic Report \u2013Driver Distraction\u201c vydan\u00e9 v prosinci roku 2023 uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u0159idi\u010di p\u0159i \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u011bnuj\u00ed v pr\u016fm\u011bru 51,9 procenta \u010dasu aktivit\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 nesouvisej\u00ed s ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm vozidla \u010di \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm dopravn\u00edch situac\u00ed. Pokud se \u0159idi\u010d v\u011bnuje n\u011b\u010demu jin\u00e9mu, obecn\u011b se zvy\u0161uje riziko nehody dvojn\u00e1sobn\u011b. Nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bnov\u00e1n\u00ed se \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se podepisuje na vzniku 29 procent nehod se zran\u011bn\u00edm a 25 procent smrteln\u00fdch hav\u00e1ri\u00ed. Bez nebezpe\u010d\u00ed v\u0161ak nejsou ani negativn\u00ed emoce. Vztek, k\u0159ik, smutek \u010di emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed stress zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko vzniku nehody 9,8x oproti klidn\u00e9mu a vyrovnan\u00e9mu \u0159idi\u010di.<\/p>\n

Vysok\u00fd pod\u00edl rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fdch \u0159idi\u010d\u016f na smrteln\u00fdch dopravn\u00edch nehod\u00e1ch potvrzuj\u00ed i na\u0161e n\u00e1rodn\u00ed statistiky. V letech 2006-2015 zem\u0159elo p\u0159i nehod\u00e1ch, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch se \u0159idi\u010d dostate\u010dn\u011b nev\u011bnoval \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, celkem 890 osob \u2013 11,2 procenta v\u0161ech ob\u011bt\u00ed dopravn\u00edch nehod. V roce 2022 to bylo 58 osob (12,8 procenta) a v roce 2023 se jednalo o 53 lid\u00ed (11,6 procenta). Celosv\u011btov\u011b se odborn\u00edci shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee rozpt\u00fdlenost nejen \u0159idi\u010d\u016f bude st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm pro bezpe\u010dnost na silnic\u00edch.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edm se vlastn\u011b \u0159idi\u010di za j\u00edzdy rozptyluj\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 komise ve sv\u00e9 publikace vydan\u00e9 na konci roku 2023 uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u0159idi\u010di p\u0159i \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u011bnuj\u00ed v pr\u016fm\u011bru 51,9 procenta \u010dasu aktivit\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 nesouvisej\u00ed s ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm vozidla \u010di \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm dopravn\u00edch situac\u00ed. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se jedn\u00e1 o rozhovor \u010di zp\u011bv bez pou\u017eit\u00ed mobilu (4,2 % z celkov\u00e9 doby \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed). N\u00e1sleduj\u00ed dr\u017een\u00ed mobiln\u00edho telefonu p\u0159i mluven\u00ed \u010di poslouch\u00e1n\u00ed (2,7 %), \u010dten\u00ed nebo psan\u00ed textov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy na mobilu (1,91 %), jeden\u00ed za j\u00edzdy (1,9 %) a prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed osobn\u00ed hygieny – nap\u0159. make-upu (1,69 %).<\/p>\n

N\u00e1sleduj\u00ed nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed autor\u00e1dia (1,3 %), pit\u00ed za j\u00edzdy 1,22 %), samotn\u00e9 dr\u017een\u00ed mobilu v ruce (1,1 %), snaha dos\u00e1hnout na n\u011bjak\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt (1,08 %), p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouh\u00fd pohled na n\u011bjak\u00fd objekt mimo vozidlo (0,93 %), mluven\u00ed \u010di poslech p\u0159i vyu\u017eit\u00ed hands-free sady (0,9 %), ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch ovlada\u010d\u016f vozidla, mimo nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed teploty vzduchu v kabin\u011b \u010di klimatizace (0,83 %), surfov\u00e1n\u00ed po internetu (0,73 %), s\u00e1hnut\u00ed po mobilu (0,58 %) \u010di nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed teploty vzduchu v kabin\u011b \u010di klimatizace (0,56 %).<\/p>\n

Naopak nejm\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu v\u011bnuj\u00ed \u0159idi\u010di vyt\u00e1\u010den\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla volan\u00e9ho na mobilu dr\u017een\u00e9m v ruce (0,14 %) a \u010dten\u00ed \u010di psan\u00ed za j\u00edzdy, v\u010detn\u011b vyu\u017eit\u00ed tabletu (0,09 %). \u201eSeveroamerick\u00fd Department of Transportation uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u0159idi\u010d by rozhodn\u011b nem\u011bl odpoutat sv\u016fj zrak od d\u011bn\u00ed na silnici na d\u00e9le ne\u017e dv\u011b sekundy,\u201c upozor\u0148uje Roman Budsk\u00fd z Platformy VIZE 0.<\/p>\n

Vyt\u00e1\u010den\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla na mobilu zvy\u0161uje riziko vzniku nehody v\u00edce ne\u017e 12x, nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd je i k\u0159ik \u010di vztek<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pokud se \u0159idi\u010d v\u011bnuje n\u011b\u010demu jin\u00e9mu, obecn\u011b se zvy\u0161uje riziko nehody dvojn\u00e1sobn\u011b. V citovan\u00e9m materi\u00e1lu Evropsk\u00e9 komise se uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee na vzniku 29 procent nehod se zran\u011bn\u00edm a 25 procent smrteln\u00fdch hav\u00e1ri\u00ed se podepisuje nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bnov\u00e1n\u00ed se \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Za nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je podle \u00fadaj\u016f Evropsk\u00e9 komise pova\u017eov\u00e1no vyt\u00e1\u010den\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla volan\u00e9ho na mobilu dr\u017een\u00e9m v ruce (zvy\u0161uje riziko hav\u00e1rie 12,2x).<\/p>\n

\u201eBez nebezpe\u010d\u00ed v\u0161ak nen\u00ed ani telefonov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed hands-free sady. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159i n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch prob\u00edran\u00fdch t\u00e9matech s sebou nese vysokou m\u00edru ment\u00e1ln\u00edho rozpt\u00fdlen\u00ed,\u201c varuje Roman Budsk\u00fd. \u010cten\u00ed \u010di psan\u00ed za j\u00edzdy, v\u010detn\u011b vyu\u017eit\u00ed tabletu, zvy\u0161uje riziko nehody 9,9x a snaha dos\u00e1hnout na n\u011bjak\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt 9,1x. P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouh\u00fd pohled na n\u011bjak\u00fd objekt mimo vozidlo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 velice nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd, zvy\u0161uje riziko st\u0159etu 7,1x.<\/p>\n

\u201eVelmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt digit\u00e1ln\u00ed billboardy, kter\u00fdm \u0159idi\u010di nejednou v\u011bnuj\u00ed dlouh\u00e9 sekundy sv\u00e9 pozornosti,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed Budsk\u00fd. \u010cten\u00ed nebo psan\u00ed textov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy na mobilu zvy\u0161uje riziko nehody 6,1x, s\u00e1hnut\u00ed po mobilu 4,8x. Ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch ovlada\u010d\u016f vozidla (mimo nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed teploty vzduchu v kabin\u011b \u010di klimatizace) s sebou nese zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rizika nehody 4,6x.<\/p>\n

\u201eRizikov\u00e9 v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i hlasov\u00e9 ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f vozidla. Ment\u00e1ln\u00ed rozpt\u00fdlen\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, a pokud syst\u00e9m nefunguje spolehliv\u011b, \u0159idi\u010d stejn\u011b mus\u00ed vizu\u00e1ln\u011b zkontrolovat, zda po\u017eadovan\u00e1 operace prob\u011bhla. Rozpt\u00fdlen\u00ed \u0159idi\u010de po takov\u00e9 operaci m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat a\u017e 20 vte\u0159in,\u201c upozor\u0148uje Budsk\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Surfov\u00e1n\u00ed po internetu zvy\u0161uje riziko hav\u00e1rie 2,7x. Bez nebezpe\u010d\u00ed nen\u00ed ani nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed teploty vzduchu v kabin\u011b \u010di klimatizace, kdy riziko hav\u00e1rie roste 2,3x. Samotn\u00e9 dr\u017een\u00ed mobilu v ruce navy\u0161uje nebezpe\u010d\u00ed nehody 2,05x, jeden\u00ed \u010di pit\u00ed za j\u00edzdy 1,8x, nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed autor\u00e1dia 1,57x, rozhovor \u010di zp\u011bv bez pou\u017eit\u00ed mobilu 1,44x, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed osobn\u00ed hygieny, nap\u0159. make-upu, 1,4x a kone\u010dn\u011b samotn\u00e9 dr\u017een\u00ed mobiln\u00edho telefonu p\u0159i mluven\u00ed \u010di poslouch\u00e1n\u00ed 1,27x.<\/p>\n

\u201eP\u0159i del\u0161\u00ed bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e9 j\u00edzd\u011b m\u00e1 \u0159idi\u010d nejednou nutk\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159epnout na autopilota, m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu v\u011bnuje sledov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bn\u00ed v provozu, pozd\u011bji zaregistruje rizikov\u00e9 situace, p\u0159i rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed se v\u00edce chybuje, pomaleji reaguje. N\u00e1hle vznikl\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed na silnici pak nemus\u00ed v\u010das zaregistrovat. A zdaleka ne v\u017edy pak je zavin\u011bn\u00ed nehody p\u0159ips\u00e1no roztr\u017eit\u00e9mu \u0159idi\u010di,\u201c konstatuje Roman Budsk\u00fd z Platformy VIZE 0.<\/p>\n

Bez nebezpe\u010d\u00ed v\u0161ak nejsou ani negativn\u00ed emoce. Vztek, k\u0159ik, smutek \u010di emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed stress zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko vzniku nehody 9,8x oproti klidn\u00e9mu a vyrovnan\u00e9mu \u0159idi\u010di. \u201eZdaleka ne ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0159idi\u010d si to uv\u011bdomuje. Pokud se \u0159idi\u010di za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 d\u011blat rudo p\u0159ed o\u010dima, je lep\u0161\u00ed na vhodn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b zastavit a d\u00e1t si relaxa\u010dn\u00ed pauzu. \u0158idi\u010di by za volantem nem\u011bli \u0159e\u0161it nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti \u2013 a\u0165 telefonicky \u010di s vedle sed\u00edc\u00edm spolujezdcem. A tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edpad, \u017ee \u0161of\u00e9ra rozhod\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00e9ho \u0159idi\u010de,\u201c doporu\u010duje Roman Budsk\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Rozt\u011bkanost za volantem je extr\u00e9mn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro mlad\u00e9 \u0159idi\u010de ve v\u011bku do 20 let<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na pozoru by se m\u011bli m\u00edt p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mlad\u00ed \u0159idi\u010di ve v\u011bku do 20 let. Odborn\u00fd \u010dasopis The New England Journal of Medicine uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i volen\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla na mobiln\u00edm telefonu jim hroz\u00ed 3,3x vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko \u00fa\u010dasti na nehod\u011b \u010di p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm kritick\u00e9 situaci ne\u017e u zku\u0161en\u00fdch \u0161of\u00e9r\u016f. Ostatn\u011b u\u017e natahov\u00e1n\u00ed se po mobilu je pro n\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e 5x nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. A pokud se sna\u017e\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout na jin\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty, zvy\u0161uje se m\u00edra jejich rizika t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 7x. A tak\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed objekt\u016f vn\u011b vozidla je pro mlad\u00e9 \u0159idi\u010de t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 6x rizikov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

J\u00eddlo za volantem pak navy\u0161uje riziko mlad\u00fdch \u0161of\u00e9r\u016f zhruba 2,5x, pit\u00ed nealko n\u00e1poj\u016f dokonce 3x. Ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed ventilace \u010di klimatizace automobilu, podobn\u011b jako autor\u00e1dia, zvy\u0161uje pravd\u011bpodobnost vzniku nehody \u010di kritick\u00e9 situace v\u00edce ne\u017e 2,5x. P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed modern\u00edch automobil\u016f nesporn\u011b zvy\u0161uje komfort cestov\u00e1n\u00ed a bezpe\u010dnost silni\u010dn\u00edho provozu. Jejich ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm displej\u016f \u010di tit\u011brn\u00fdch tla\u010d\u00edtek v\u0161ak bohu\u017eel nejednou vy\u017eaduje zv\u00fd\u0161enou pozornost \u0159idi\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u201eProto by m\u011bli b\u00fdt nov\u00ed \u0159idi\u010di nejen s t\u011bmito zdroji rozptylov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich pozornosti seznamov\u00e1ni ji\u017e v auto\u0161kol\u00e1ch. Nejen teoreticky, ale i prakticky. Podobn\u011b by pak m\u011bla b\u00fdt p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 \u0159idi\u010dsk\u00e9 zkou\u0161ky v\u011bnov\u00e1na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 pozornost i prov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed schopnosti \u0159idi\u010de efektivn\u011b a bezpe\u010dn\u011b si poradit nap\u0159\u00edklad s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm naviga\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu vozidla,\u201c uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Roman Budsk\u00fd.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Evropsk\u00e1 komise varuje, \u017ee se \u0159idi\u010di v\u00edce ne\u017e polovinu doby pobytu za volantem dostate\u010dn\u011b nev\u011bnuj\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3445,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-statistika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3440","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3440"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3440\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3442,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3440\/revisions\/3442"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3445"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3440"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3440"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3440"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}