{"id":6884,"date":"2024-09-05T04:53:03","date_gmt":"2024-09-05T04:53:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=6884"},"modified":"2024-09-05T04:53:03","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T04:53:03","slug":"prvni-tuzemsky-ekodukt-slavi-25-let","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/?p=6884","title":{"rendered":"Prvn\u00ed tuzemsk\u00fd ekodukt slav\u00ed 25 let"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>D\u00e1lnici D35 u obce Doln\u00ed \u00dajezd v Olomouck\u00e9m kraji mohou zv\u00ed\u0159ata bezpe\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ech\u00e1zet u\u017e 25 let. V roce 1999 byl do provozu uveden \u00fasek mezi Velk\u00fdm \u00dajezdem a Lipn\u00edkem nad Be\u010dvou s prvn\u00edm tuzemsk\u00fdm ekoduktem. Obdobn\u00fdch ekodukt\u016f je nyn\u00ed v \u010cesku vybudov\u00e1no 13. Pom\u00e1haj\u00ed chr\u00e1nit nejen \u017eivoty voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, ale i \u0159idi\u010d\u016f.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Prostupnost krajiny pro voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed druhy \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f se st\u00e1v\u00e1 s budov\u00e1n\u00edm dopravn\u00ed a energetick\u00e9 infrastruktury jedn\u00edm z d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch t\u00e9mat ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody, je na ni zam\u011b\u0159ena i\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iene2024.info\/\">mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konference IENE2024<\/a> (Infrastructure &amp; Ecology Network Europe), kter\u00e1 prob\u011bhne v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm t\u00fddnu v Praze.<\/p>\n<p><i>\u201eV krajin\u011b pro\u0161pikovan\u00e9 silnicemi doch\u00e1z\u00ed krom\u011b usmrcov\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at tak\u00e9 k omezen\u00ed jejich pohybu. To m\u016f\u017ee nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b ovlivnit mnoho druh\u016f \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, proto\u017ee vznikaj\u00ed izolovan\u00e9 populace, kter\u00e9 spolu nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd kontakt a doch\u00e1z\u00ed tak k omezen\u00ed toku gen\u016f. Takov\u00e9 populace se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed zraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi a mohou lok\u00e1ln\u011b vyhynout. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je proto dostatek propustk\u016f, zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch podchod\u016f \u010di nadchod\u016f. \u0160patnou prostupnost\u00ed krajiny jsou ohro\u017eeni hlavn\u011b velc\u00ed savci, negativn\u00ed vliv m\u00e1 ale i na oboj\u017eiveln\u00edky, plazy nebo n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy pt\u00e1k\u016f,\u201c<\/i>\u00a0\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Martin Strnad z Agentury ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody a krajiny \u010cR.<\/p>\n<p>Ekodukty jsou speci\u00e1ln\u00ed nadchody, po kter\u00fdch mohou voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata p\u0159ekonat frekventovan\u00e9 d\u00e1lnice a \u010dty\u0159pruhov\u00e9 silnice. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice aktu\u00e1ln\u011b existuje 37 objekt\u016f typu nadchod, kter\u00e9 mohou slou\u017eit pro migraci zv\u00ed\u0159at, 36 je nad d\u00e1lnic\u00ed\/silnic\u00ed a jeden nad \u017eeleznic\u00ed. Z tohoto po\u010dtu je 13 ekodukt\u016f, 14 v\u00edce\u00fa\u010delov\u00fdch nadchod\u016f a zbyl\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed upraven\u00e9 nadjezdy p\u016fvodn\u011b postaven\u00e9 za jin\u00fdm \u00fa\u010delem, ne\u017e je migrace \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f (obvykle p\u0159eveden\u00ed poln\u00ed\/lesn\u00ed cesty). Funkci d\u00e1lni\u010dn\u00edch ekodukt\u016f pln\u00ed tak\u00e9 v\u0161echny tunely mimo zastav\u011bn\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed obc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Agentura ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody a krajiny \u010cR) vydala ve spolupr\u00e1ci s \u0158editelstv\u00edm silnic a d\u00e1lnic metodiku\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/knihovna.nature.cz\/files\/36350\">Doprava a ochrana fauny v \u010cR<\/a>, kter\u00e1 problematiku prostupnosti krajiny komplexn\u011b popisuje. Se spole\u010dnostmi HBH Projekt a Centrum dopravn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu tak\u00e9 prob\u00edh\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce na projektu TRIPASS. Jeho sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je vytvo\u0159en\u00ed metodiky, kter\u00e1 bude hodnotit \u00fa\u010dinnost pr\u016fchod\u016f pro faunu, a tak\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 datab\u00e1ze ekodukt\u016f s hodnocen\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinnosti. Dal\u0161\u00ed aktivitou je i monitoring 24 vybran\u00fdch ekodukt\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><small><\/small><i>\u201eD\u00edky monitoringu fotopastmi v r\u00e1mci projektu TRIPASS se v leto\u0161n\u00edm \u010dervenci poda\u0159ilo zachytit na jednom z monitorovan\u00fdch ekodukt\u016f vlka. To je v\u016fbec prvn\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1znam velk\u00e9 \u0161elmy na tomto typu migra\u010dn\u00edho objektu v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Vlk byl zachycen na jednom z nejmlad\u0161\u00edch tuzemsk\u00fdch ekodukt\u016f, kter\u00fd byl postaven u B\u00edl\u00e9ho Kostela nad Nisou na silnici I\/13 teprve v roce 2023. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee byl vybudov\u00e1n nad ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00ed silnic\u00ed v \u00faseku s \u010dast\u00fdmi sr\u00e1\u017ekami \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f s proj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00edc\u00edmi vozidly,\u201c<\/i>\u00a0\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Ivo Dost\u00e1l z Centra dopravn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu, v. v. i.<\/p>\n<p><i>\u201eZ monitoringu v\u00edme, \u017ee ekodukty pravideln\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed druhy \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f jako je srnec, li\u0161ka, kuna, nebo jezevec, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed pr\u016fchod p\u0159es d\u00e1lnici ve sv\u00e9m domovsk\u00e9m teritoriu. Velc\u00ed savci, a tedy i \u0161elmy, je pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i sv\u00e9 migraci na del\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 hledaj\u00ed sv\u00e9ho partnera nebo nov\u00e9 m\u00edsto k usazen\u00ed,\u201c<\/i>\u00a0dopl\u0148uje V\u00e1clav Hlav\u00e1\u010d z Agentury ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody a krajiny \u010cR.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00e1lnici D35 u obce Doln\u00ed \u00dajezd v Olomouck\u00e9m kraji mohou zv\u00ed\u0159ata bezpe\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ech\u00e1zet u\u017e 25&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6885,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47,41],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6884","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-doprava","category-ekologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6884","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6884"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6884\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6920,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6884\/revisions\/6920"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6884"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6884"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.automakers.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6884"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}